Preoperative embolization and internal carotid artery coil sacrifice in a case of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Parent vessel occlusion with coils and plug for treating cervical internal carotid artery aneurysms
Pinna AVM embolisation
He was diagnosed to have arteriovenous malformation and was taken up for DSA and embolisation under local anesthesia.
DSA showed a high flow AVM with a large fistula. This was then catheterized with a Progreat 2.7 Fr microcatheter, considering the large size of the feeder and the macro-fistula. Embolisation was done with 20% nBCA-lipiodol mixture. Complete exclusion of the AVM was achieved.
There was subsequently blackening of the skin of the earlobe, which necrosed and fell off, it was conservatively managed, with normal smooth skin formation over the ulcerated area and near comparable appearance with the opposite pinna. However there was some redness present in the mid-pinna, which was not explained, and was left behind. This patient is now in follow up since three years.
Post Biopsy pseudoaneurysm embolisation
Subsequently, after 4 hours he started complaining of severe radiating pain.
A CT was done which showed a pseudoaneurysm from the lumbar artery wiht a large psoas hematoma.
Immediately the patient was taken up for DSA which showed the pseudoaneurysm from the right first lumbar artery branch.
This was embolised using nBCA-lipiodol mixture and microcoil.
Subsequently, the hematoma resolved.
How fast can flow diverters act ?
1. Giant aneurysms
2. Dissecting aneurysms
3. Blister aneuryms
4. Fusiform aneuryms
5. Wide neck aneurysms
While many cases have contrast stasis immediately after flow diverter placement, actual aneurysm 'closure' and arterial wall remodeling and endothelialisation takes place after a variable time-frame.
We came across a case of subarachnoid hemorrhage, wherein DSA showed a irregular mild fusiform dilatation of the supraclinoid ICA with multiple blister like outpouchings.
Single PED Flex was placed, with no immediate change in appearance.
Patient developed vasospasm features, and was taken up for intra-arterial spasmolysis, during which the DSA showed smoothing of the arterial contour and non-visualisation of the blisters.
It can be said with guarantee that endothelialisation has not taken place, and the smoothening is due to the flow diversion effect. Probably the vasospasm also has added to the appearance.
DIAGNOSTIC DSA
FLOW DIVERTER
NEXT MORNING CHECK ANGIOGRAM
SAH with IVH, coiling and EVD done in same sitting in DSA
Flow diverter for a traumatic ICA pseudoaneurysm
DSA was done as there was a left parasellar mass, and showed a dissecting aneurysm.
Pipeline Flex was inserted on elective basis.
No contrast stasis was seen in control angiogram, however CT done after few hours showed complete thrombosis
Patient is doing well and is on follow up.
Check DSA is planed after 6 months.
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Preoperative sacral schwannoma embolisation
Old case of tumor embolisation done by me.
Coiling of ruptured Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm
Strategic coil placement at the mid-body of Pcom artery aneurysm
Aneurysm come in all shape and sizes and at all locations.
This one was in a 42 years old female patient with Grade I SAH and a ruptured right PcomA aneurysm.
The anatomy was odd with a bulbous, rather blister like proximal part, then a narrowing, then the body, again a narrowing then a teat like portion. The Pcom, of course, had to arise from the aneurysm; specifically it came at the site of first narrowing mentioned.
The aneurysm was directed laterally and posteriorly and had a curved structure rather.
The proximal bulbous portion measured 2.67 mm in diameter with equal neck and the distal narrower portions 2 mm.
So, I used an Echelon and Xpedion –ten system- to access the aneurysm.
Then i was in a fix as to how to go about fixing the aneurysm.
I put in a 2x6 3D AXIUM in the mid part of the aneurysm beyond the Pcom origin. The coil loops did try to go in the distal teat but somehow the entire coil could be fit in there.
Angio showed complete cessation of flow within that portion, with contrast stasis in the teat and the Pcom stayed patent.
However in the native images, still some space appeared within the coil mesh, so I took an AXIUM 2x4 Helix coil and pushed in.
The loops went into the first coil and then started to come into the proximal portion. Somehow, the loops in this part stayed horizontal thus restructuring the inflow zone and contrast flowing into the pcom.
But the last loop could not be fit in and kept pushing the microcatheter tip into the arterial lumen.
So I left the procedure at that point and put my hands up.
The patient is fine, and we all are happy, but do not know what this anueurysm was ot how best to treat it.
My surgeon too told he would have clipped in the midpart so the result would have been same, or rather bad as this looked to me like an infundibulum which had ruptured and the distal portion to me was nothing but a pseudoaneurysm.
I am keeping my fingers crossed. let’s see….
Preoperative partial embolization of thoracic hemangioblastoma
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