Preoperative embolization and internal carotid artery coil sacrifice in a case of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma




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Parent vessel occlusion with coils and plug for treating cervical internal carotid artery aneurysms




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How fast can flow diverters act ?



Flow diverters are used for many purposes:
1. Giant aneurysms
2. Dissecting aneurysms
3. Blister aneuryms
4. Fusiform aneuryms
5. Wide neck aneurysms

While many cases have contrast stasis immediately after flow diverter placement, actual aneurysm 'closure' and arterial wall remodeling  and endothelialisation takes place after a variable time-frame.
We came across a case of subarachnoid hemorrhage, wherein DSA showed a irregular mild fusiform dilatation of the supraclinoid ICA with multiple blister like outpouchings.

Single PED Flex was placed, with no immediate change in appearance.
Patient developed vasospasm features, and was taken up for intra-arterial spasmolysis, during which the DSA showed smoothing of the arterial contour and non-visualisation of the blisters.

It can be said with guarantee that endothelialisation has not taken place, and the smoothening is due to the flow diversion effect. Probably the vasospasm also has added to the appearance.

DIAGNOSTIC DSA





FLOW DIVERTER



NEXT MORNING CHECK ANGIOGRAM




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SAH with IVH, coiling and EVD done in same sitting in DSA



65 yrs, F; SAH and IVH 2 days, GCS 8
DSA showed a small Anterior communicating artery aneurysm with a pseudosac. Two coils were embolised into the aneurysm.
Ventricular drain was placed in the same sitting after coiling in the DSA suite itself.




 


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Coiling of ruptured Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm




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Strategic coil placement at the mid-body of Pcom artery aneurysm



Aneurysm come in all shape and sizes and at all locations.

This one was in a 42 years old female patient with Grade I SAH and a ruptured right PcomA aneurysm.

The anatomy was odd with a bulbous, rather blister like proximal part, then a narrowing, then the body, again a narrowing then a teat like portion. The Pcom, of course, had to arise from the aneurysm; specifically it came at the site of first narrowing mentioned.

The aneurysm was directed laterally and posteriorly and had a curved structure rather.

The proximal bulbous portion measured 2.67 mm in diameter with equal neck and the distal narrower portions 2 mm.

So, I used an Echelon and Xpedion –ten system- to access the aneurysm.

Then i was in a fix as to how to go about fixing the aneurysm.

I put in a 2x6 3D AXIUM in the mid part of the aneurysm beyond the Pcom origin. The coil loops did try to go in the distal teat but somehow the entire coil could be fit in there.

Angio showed complete cessation of flow within that portion, with contrast stasis in the teat and the Pcom stayed patent.

However in the native images, still some space appeared within the coil mesh, so I took an AXIUM 2x4 Helix coil and pushed in.

The loops went into the first coil and then started to come into the proximal portion. Somehow, the loops in this part stayed horizontal thus restructuring the inflow zone and contrast flowing into the pcom.

But the last loop could not be fit in and kept pushing the microcatheter tip into the arterial lumen.

So I left the procedure at that point and put my hands up.

The patient is fine, and we all are happy, but do not know what this anueurysm was ot how best to treat it.

My surgeon too told he would have clipped in the midpart  so the result would have been same, or rather bad as this looked to me like an infundibulum which had ruptured and the distal portion to me was nothing but a pseudoaneurysm.

I am keeping my fingers crossed. let’s see….

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